The appendix is a small, finger-like pouch about 10 centimetres long, located where the small intestine joins the large intestine. The appendix regularly fills with food and then empties, but because its opening is small, under certain conditions it may not empty properly; so this hollow organ is very prone to blockage followed by infection (appendicitis). Appendicitis is more common between the ages of 10–30 and is rare after the age of 60.
Symptoms of appendicitis: vague abdominal pain around the navel and in the lower right side of the abdomen; mild fever; nausea and sometimes vomiting; constipation and sometimes diarrhoea; loss of appetite. If the fever is higher than 39 degrees, a burst (ruptured) appendix is strongly suspected, although this is unlikely in the first 36 hours after symptoms start.
Complications of appendicitis: the main complication of appendicitis is rupture, which usually happens when seeking medical care is delayed. Treatment of appendicitis: appendicitis is treated by removing the infected or inflamed appendix, either by laparoscopy or by open surgery.
Education after discharge for appendicitis: as soon as your doctor allows after the operation, get out of bed with help and walk. Increase your activities gradually, as far as you can tolerate them; lying down for long periods slows recovery. If you cannot move by yourself, change your position in bed with the help of your companion. When coughing, sneezing or breathing deeply, hold your operation site to prevent pain.
Avoid heavy activities and lifting heavy objects for 4–6 weeks after the operation.
You can shower 1–2 days after the operation. After discharge there is no restriction on sexual activity. The laparoscope holes and the surgical wound should be dry and free of discharge. If you notice any redness, inflammation or infection, contact your doctor. If you are discharged with a corrugated drain, change the dressing using a sterile technique when needed and when it gets dirty, and tell your doctor if the discharge increases. If you have pain, take the painkillers you have been prescribed.
Diet: in the first days after surgery, drink fluids in moderation. In the first days after the operation, avoid foods that cause wind (raw and artificial fruit juices, corn, cabbage, beans, chickpeas, radishes, cucumbers, fizzy drinks). Your diet should contain enough protein (lean meat, eggs, dairy products, etc.) and foods rich in vitamin C, such as citrus fruits, pineapple juice and orange juice.
How to prevent appendicitis: eat more fresh fruit and vegetables; drink 8 glasses of water a day; avoid fatty and fried foods and fast food; include a variety of vitamins and minerals in your diet; do not be physically active after eating.
Warning signs, follow-up and return visits: at home, take the medicines prescribed by your doctor exactly at the times you have been told. Do not stay in bed too much at home; walk more, and cough to clear secretions. The dressing on the operation site should be removed after 48 hours; after that the area does not need a dressing unless your doctor has instructed otherwise. Keep the wound clean and uncovered. Go to the hospital or see your doctor 10–12 days after the operation to have your stitches removed. If you notice any change at the operation site, such as redness, swelling, inflammation or increasing pain, see your doctor.
Prepared and compiled by: Zahra Zahiri